Evaluating the Effectiveness of Non-Formal Skill Development Programmes in Enhancing Youth Employment in Kerala

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of non-formal education skill development programs in enhancing the employability of youth in Kerala. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative and qualitative methodologies to provide a comprehensive analysis of the programs' impact. The study focuses on youth aged 18 to 35 who have participated in these initiatives, utilizing a stratified random sampling technique to ensure diverse representation across socio-economic backgrounds. Data collection involves structured surveys and semi-structured interviews, allowing for the triangulation of findings. Key findings reveal a significant positive correlation between participation in non-formal education programs and employment rates, with participants demonstrating higher employment levels compared to non-participants. The Additional Skills Acquisition Programme (ASAP) notably increases employment rates within one year of completion. Furthermore, the skills taught align well with current labor market demands, enhancing employability. Youth perceptions of training quality are positively associated with employment status, indicating that higher perceived quality leads to better job outcomes. Socio-cultural factors, such as family support and community engagement, significantly influence program effectiveness. Technological advancements have been integrated into the curriculum, improving training relevance. However, barriers such as financial constraints and lack of awareness hinder access to these programs. The long-term career trajectories of participants indicate upward mobility in employment, with a majority reporting satisfaction with the training received. The study also highlights the importance of continuous curriculum updates and partnerships with local industries to provide practical training opportunities. Suggestions for enhancing program effectiveness include increasing awareness campaigns, providing financial assistance, establishing stronger industry partnerships, and developing mentorship initiatives. Overall, the research underscores the potential of non-formal education as a viable pathway for youth skill development and employment in Kerala, while also identifying areas for improvement and further research.