Influence of Innovative Cultivation Practices on Coconut Productivity and Farmers’ Profitability in Theni District

Abstract

This study investigates the production and marketing dynamics of coconut in Theni district, aiming to identify the challenges and opportunities that influence farmers' income and sustainability. The research employs a descriptive survey method, collecting data from a sample of 500 coconut farmers through structured questionnaires. The findings reveal that innovative production practices significantly enhance yield compared to traditional methods, while organic farming practices also contribute positively, albeit to a lesser extent. Farmers utilizing direct selling strategies achieve higher prices than those relying on cooperative selling or online marketing. Socio-economic factors, particularly education level, significantly influence profitability, with education having the strongest impact. The adoption rate of innovative agricultural practices among farmers is relatively low, indicating a need for increased awareness and training. Limited access to institutional support hinders farmers' ability to improve production efficiency. The post-COVID-19 market dynamics have altered consumer preferences, leading to increased demand for organic coconuts. Additionally, farmers face challenges in accessing reliable market information, affecting their pricing strategies. The study highlights the underutilization of cooperative selling strategies, despite their potential to enhance market access. Farmers express a strong interest in training programs focused on sustainable practices. Seasonal fluctuations in coconut prices significantly impact income stability, and many farmers lack access to credit facilities, limiting their ability to invest in production improvements. Local government initiatives play an important role in supporting coconut farmers through subsidies and grants. The role of technology in marketing, particularly through social media, is recognized as an emerging trend among younger farmers. Furthermore, there is a growing market for value-added coconut products, which remains largely untapped in the region. Based on these findings, the study suggests developing training programs to educate farmers on innovative practices, strengthening local agricultural extension services, improving access to credit facilities, promoting cooperative selling models, encouraging digital marketing strategies, and incentivizing value-added product development. The research underscores the necessity for strategic interventions to enhance the efficiency of the coconut value chain, thereby improving farmers' income and sustainability.