Women Entrepreneurship in Fisheries and Allied Sectors in Coastal India: Evidence from Nagapattinam and Cuddalore Districts of Tamil Nadu

Abstract

This research investigates the factors influencing women entrepreneurship in the fisheries and allied sectors within the Nagapattinam and Cuddalore districts of Tamil Nadu, India. The study employs a descriptive cross-sectional design, focusing on a sample of 500 women entrepreneurs selected through stratified random sampling to ensure representation across various socio-economic backgrounds. Data collection was conducted via structured questionnaires, which included both quantitative and qualitative elements, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of the participants' experiences and perspectives. The findings reveal that socio-economic characteristics, particularly education level, significantly correlate with entrepreneurial activity, indicating that higher educational attainment enhances engagement in business ventures. Access to financial resources emerges as a critical determinant of entrepreneurial success, with women reporting greater success when they have better access to funding. Societal norms and cultural expectations are identified as substantial barriers, often hindering women's entrepreneurial activities. Informal networks play a vital role in providing support, facilitating access to resources, and enhancing market opportunities. The study also highlights the varying effectiveness of training and capacity-building programs, which are perceived as beneficial yet often inaccessible. Challenges in securing market access are prevalent, attributed to limited knowledge of market dynamics and competition. The majority of women entrepreneurs operate small-scale enterprises, suggesting a need for strategies to scale operations. Family support is significant, with women benefiting from supportive family structures. The impact of government policies on women entrepreneurship is mixed, necessitating a review to enhance their effectiveness. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing the need for targeted financial schemes, expanded training programs, and initiatives to strengthen informal networks. Additionally, the establishment of mentorship programs and promotion of cooperative societies are suggested to enhance collective bargaining power. The research underscores the importance of integrating environmental sustainability practices into training programs to prepare women for future challenges. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of women entrepreneurship in the fisheries sector, highlighting the necessity for a multifaceted approach that includes policy reform, capacity building, and community support to empower women entrepreneurs in these regions.